CloudFormation

AWS IaC solutions lack the ability to deploy running resources via simple URLs (which would allow non-technical stakeholders to provision infrastructure). Instead, developers must use CLI tools, and CloudFormation—the only AWS IaC supporting URL deployment—is painful to write and slow to iterate on.

CloudFormation is AWS-specific and not portable to other cloud providers, creating vendor lock-in. Developers prefer third-party tools like Terraform and Ansible for portability.

Infrastructure managed by CloudFormation can drift when modified through AWS Console, SDK, or CLI. Without proper tools, detecting and reconciling these changes is manual and error-prone.